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Karen Winton has written some articles for men. If you’re a guy who wishes to look better, check out: The Handsome Factor. Want to easily seduce women with your looks? See: Brad’s Fashion Bible.
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Home Page > Sports and Fitness > Martial Arts > Thang Ta: A journey (Through the history of Kangleipak) from an ancient combat art to a popular modern sport [2nd section]
Thang Ta: A journey (Through the history of Kangleipak) from an ancient combat art to a popular modern sport [2nd section]
from an ancient combat art to a popular modern sport [2nd section]
-3rd Part-
(a) The Interaction – The west & north- west Kingdoms – Tripura, Assam etc.:
As with the Burmese, various kingdoms on the west, north (northwest) also exercised much influence over the Meetei Kingdom, & her tradition (including Martial art). There are many non- Meeteilon terms of various Thang Ta movements & steps (like Kalak, Yalak, Shut etc).
There were records of immigration of Takhels (from Tripura) during the reign of King Meitingu Moiramba (1278-1302), Meitingu Thangbi Lanthaba (1302-1324) & Meitingu Tonaba (1355-1359), who were settled at Takhel village, at the foothills of the Nongmaijing hills (Imphal East district). In 1533, the Meetei King Meitingu Kabomba (1524-1542) defeated the Tripuris, & brought many Tripuri prisoners of war, also by Meitingu Khagemba (1597-1652) who brought about 200? Takhel war captives around 1633-34.The Meetei King Meitingu Pamheiba (1709-1748) invaded Tripura in 1734, & brought about 1100? captives, hence he was also known by the name Takhel Ngamba (Takhel~Tripura; Ngamba~conqueror /victor). These people were gradually absorbed into the Meetei Community, along with their traditions.
The first? encounter between the people of Cachar & Kangleipak probably happened during the reign of Meitingu Kongyamba (1324-1335), when the great King defeated & drove away the attacking Cachar people who have come from the Imphal Tamenglong road (Tongjei Maril), & constructed a fort at Hinglen Ching (a hill, 18kms north of Imphal).Certain interaction has already been discussed above in various sections.
Some scholars believe that the Meetei king Meitingu Khongtekcha (763-773) must have exchanged many captives due to its frequent military confrontation with north Bengal.
(b) The Interaction – The west & north- west Kingdoms – The Muslims:
The major interaction between Meetei & Muslim (Mughals – the Mughal Empire, India, 1526-1857? – & their fighting system) took place in 1606, when Prince Sanongba (one of the younger brothers of King Meitingu Khagemba) rose in rebellion with his army in Cachar, which included many Muslims soldiers from the Bengal province of Mughal Empire (Jahangir was the then Mughal Emperor; the 4th Mugal Emperor of India, 1605-1627),{also from the Muslims who got settled in Cachar during & after the invasion of Cachari Kingdom (reign of king Yasonarayan) by the Nawab of Bengal, Islam Khan}. The great Meitingu Khagemba & his brave army defeated him (the prince) & brought many Muslims prisoners (~>1000) of war, who subsequently were assimilated into the community. Earlier also, many Muslims war captives from Tekhao (Assam) were settled at Mayang Imphal (in Imphal west district) during the reign of King Thingkhonba of Khuman Clan.
The Mughal Prince Shah Shuja (The son of Shah Jahan, the 5th Mughal Emperor of India, 1627-1658) is said to have fled (through Tripura) to Kangleipak {took shelter at Shujalok cave at Heimgang (Kairang), in Imphal East District, where he died ultimately} after he was defeated by Mir Jumla (Mughal Governor of Bengal); & as wanted by his brother Aurangzeb, 1658-1707, the then Mughal Emperor.Also during the reign of Meitingu Paikhomba (1666-1697), two Mughal Princes (or Makak princes- as Mughals were came to be known as Makak-mayum)- Sunarful & Lakhiayrful, accompanied by saint Fulleicha Shantullah Shaikh, & traveller Millia Shaikh, with their slaves & attendants (~37) arrived on elephants in Kangleipak form Mughalpur (Makak). These two Princes became the ancestral founders of Makakmayum {Sunarful-makakmayum Angouba, Lakhiaful-Makakmayum Amuba; according to the type of flowers they brought}.The Mangol Shanglen was converted? into Mughal Shanglen for them by the Meitei King.
[Meetei Muslims are called Pangals, derived from the word ‘Bengal', as they came from Bengal (mainly as war captives). However, some actively argue that the word Pangal was derived from ‘Pang tribes' (or Tai group: said to have come from northern & eastern sides of kingdom of Kangleipak)' who were first to be converted to Islam.
Present day Meetei Pangals are considered by some to be descendants of various groups like- Pang tribes, Pashas (the Panshi in China, Panthay in Burma- the mongoloid Muslims coming from China, & upper Burma- through ancient silk route through Manipur: Manipur-Yunnan, China - it may be noted that many other learned strongly argue the silk route never included Manipur, even Indian mainland was never part of China-Europe silk route); the Bengalis, Mughal soldiers, Low caste Hindu converts etc.
It is said that earlier Muslim preacher like Hamza Ibn ‘Abdul-Muttalib (568?-625), paternal uncle & foster brother of Prophet Muhammad (570?-632), also martially skilled (excellence in wrestling, swordsmanship, archery - he is said to have defeated then King of Bengal & King of Rosang in the south of Chattagram in Bengal, converting them to Islam) came to Kangleipak, as per some Meetei pangal scholars, during the reign of Meitingu Naophangba ?(428-518) & met the Meetei Scholar, Ashangba Laiba, & preached briefly here, living among the Pang tribes {The title ‘Aribam' was conferred by the Meetei King (Meitingu Naophangba) to Muslims of that periods}. He was on his way to China, as per the saying of the Prophet ‘the seek for knowledge even unto china'. During the reign of Meitingu Irengba (984-1074), two Pashas & one Pangal Village were recorded to have flourished in the ancient text, Ningthourel Lambuba.]
(c) The Interaction – The west & north- west Kingdoms – The influence:
We have already seen the influence of Hinduism & Vaishnavism. The first recorded entry of Hindu Brahmins (about 18) into Kangleipak was during the reign of Meitingu Kiyamba (1467-1508), & it was during the reign of Meitingu Pamheiba (1709-1748) that Hindu missionaries started immigrating in large numbers.
The Hindu immigrants, when they saw the Meetei race with their highest martial skills, the extra ordinary valor & courage, the life of honor & justice; starting linking them with one of their greatest hero, Arjuna {the 3rd of the five Pandavas of Mahabharata, all skilled martial artists, belonged to the Hindu warrior caste, Kshatriya- the Kshatriyas were excellent in various ancient Indian martial & combat arts: unarmed arts like Nara, Hsiang ch’a hsiang p’u, the Chinese name of ancient Indian martial art, Vajramushti etc; weapon arts like Shastra Vidya (like Kalaripayat), Dhanurvidya (in which Arjuna was the best) etc.}. Manipur was the place where the Pandava (Arjuna) faced defeat (according to the Aswamedha Parva of Mahabharata).
[After the Mahabharata war, Arjuna went to Manipur with the horse intended for Aswamedha. There he met Manipuri King Babhruvahana {who himself was the son of Arjuna & Chitrangada, the princess of Manipur, the only daughter of the King Chitrabahana, born during his (Arjuna's) exile in Manipur. But in accordance to the matrilineal customs of her people, Arjuna was not allowed to take away her & any of her children, as they were heir to Manipur, as a successor of her father, the King of Manipur.} on the way, & got into quarrel (they didn't know each other), & ultimately in the fight, Arjuna was killed by the Manipuri King Babhruvahana {Arjuna was later restored to life using a gem given by his (Babhruvahana) stepmother, Uloopi, the Naga princess- the name Manipur or the land of gems for the kingdom.}.
But the point to be noted is the Manipur of the Mahabharata is believed by most to be located somewhere in the Indian State of Orissa, (one probability is somewhere in / near Bhadrak district?, near the eastern sea coast, as concluded by the extensive research of many scholars, & not the present Manipur State of India - the name Manipur itself was known to neighbours or outsiders ~ after 2nd half of the 18th century AD for the Kingdom, the Kangleipak (which was the name much before 2000BC?, as proposed by some scholars, around ~15,000 BC?) – christened by the Meitingu Pamheiba ~ in the first half of the 18th century, as influensed by the immigrants Hindus missionaries, so as to relate to the Manipur of Mahabharata.
In spites of this fact, the story is given special importance by Manipuri Bishnupriyas (having sharp Indo-Aryan features, & speak a language similar to Kamrupi) who believe they were descendants of immigrants from Hastinapur & Dwarika after the Mahabharata war, led by Babhruvahana (who had earlier returned to Hastinapur with his father), or from a group of people coming from Mithila (Videha), the eastern frontier of Aryan culture.
Most accepted one is that they were originally war captives brought by Kangleipak kings, who subsequently settled & absorbed into the community {as believed by some to be before 700AD, as in the same year when the Kangleipak Valley was invaded by Chinese (as one can find in the writing of the great Chinese traveler, Hien-Tasng, who had come upto Kamrupa, around 7th century AD, in the court of Kumar Vaskar Varma), they referred them (Bishnupriyas) as Khalachai (In southern Chinese - Children of the wide lake; Kha=lake,La=Wide,Chai=Children) who had settled around the Loktak lake.
However, many learned are of the opinion that they were mostly people from Cachar etc, who were first settled in the Kangleipak as war captives during the 14th century AD, & the name ‘Bishnupriya' was given to them (Bishnupuri / Bishunpuris / Kalisha / Kalacheiya / Kalachaya - originally worshipers of the Hindu Goddess Kali) by the Meitingu Gambhir Singh in the year 1827 AD]
-4th Part-
(a) Wizard of Thang Ta – Paona:
Coming back to the reign of Meitingu Chandrakirti, there existed one of the greatest Meetei heroes & Thang Ta masters of all time. His name was Paona Brajabasi {Brajabasi- a Hindu honorable title for those who had been to Hindu sacred places like Brindaban etc}.His skill of Thang Ta was matchless & was so excellent that he was considered to have magical powers. Many techniques & moves of Thang Ta have been attributed to him {like Atharo Lakri Thangbi (one of the many sword exercise or alphabets for Yannaba Thang- combat applicable fighting system in Thang Ta) etc.}.
As we have seen earlier, there was a shortage of skilled Thang Ta masters (not in the group of the king) in reign of Meitingu Chandrakirti, who had regained the throne in 1850 (around 18 years of his age). He had received some education when he was in Cachar, but no formal training in martial art. There was earlier reluctance from the part of the King to learn the Meetei martial art from the masters in his groups {about 10 in number, including Kangabam Chidananda (the great Thangal General), Paona Brajabasi, Yengkhoiba etc.}, as they were basically his servants {also the age factor, especially in case of Paona who was about a year younger then the King himself}.
Accordingly, the King expressed his desire to learn other martial art styles (outside Kangleipak). There came a foreign martial art expert (believed to be a Punjabi / a Sikh?: exact information about him is lacking – who he was, where he came from, what style of martial art he practised etc) to teach the Meetei King. Obviously there was much resentment among the Meetei Thang Ta experts, & after much objection & request to the king for at least giving a chance to test the martial skills of the foreign martial artist, finally after the king’s consent, a competitive duel was organized in the durbar/court.
Paona was chosen unanimously for this, due to his excellent skill & expertise of Thang Ta. Among the many techniques used by Paona, a special one was ‘Khujeng kakpi’ {cutting/striking the weapon bearing wrist of the opponent(s)}. Just as the Competition began, the foreign master could not understand & counter the lightning fast khujengkakpi of Paona, & his weapon slipped from his hand to the ground. Ultimately, feeling helpless to the showering of thunderous techniques & martial skills of the Paona, he conceded his defeat {in the competition, in place of sword, stick or Cheibi (cane stick covered with leather) was used, much like the present sport sparring of Thang Ta}. Thus Thang Ta once again arose supreme.
[Sikhs have a long tradition of Martial arts. (~ 1200 years ?? according to some). More popularly, the word Gatka is used to refer to all traditional martial arts of Sikhs. Gatka (related terms: Gadka,Khutka,Gadd,Gadaa etc- believed to originate & derived from Sanskrit word ‘Gada' or mace or Indian club) is a stick or club covered with leather, used for teaching & practicing fencing or club fighting.
This martial art has been thoroughly battle-tested, used by the Sikhs (Nihang singhs) to defend against the foreign invaders like Mughals. It was the 6th Sikh guru (Guru Hargobind) who propagated the idea of warrior saint, & popularized the practice of martial arts (for self defense), as demanded by the situation. He was trained by the great Baba Budha Ji, the greatest Sikh martial artist, who had trained the race right from the 1st Guru to the 6th Guru era. (Who was taught the art by the 1st Sikh guru, Guru Nanak himself- who had learnt the art form the God, as per a legend) - also he had learnt the ancient Shastra Vidya art form Rajputs, who taught him in gratitude when he helped them to free their 52 princess, kidnapped by the Mughals. But the greatest Sikh martial artist was the last Guru (10th Guru), Guru Govind singh. He was the one who founded the great Khalsa army (the brotherhood, all specialized in Gatka- he fought & won many battles against the Mughals).
However, the Gatka as we know today, specially the sport part (khel; the other one- rasmi or ritualistic & traditional) was developed gradually around & after 1860's {after the 1857 mutiny, with the relaxation of the earlier banned on Sikh martial arts (after the 2nd Anglo-Sikh War, 1848-1849), & increasing British Indian influence (their sword practice); influence form other foreign styles (1880's) - application of western fencing rules etc.}.From late 19th century, there has been active revival process undergoing, with the realization of its immense value - physical, cultural, spiritual, & as a potent bonding & unification factor.
It is believed that many Sikhs began to settle in Kangleipak valley near the end of 18th century. As per the population estimation of the Kingdom done by the British political agent, Mr. R.Brown (in 1873); & according to E. W. Dun (in 1886; about 105 foreigners including the Sikhs) confirmed the existence of Sikhs, as minority group in the Valley of Kangleipak. But the influence of Sikhism (& their martial style) can be traced much earlier. There are records (Sikh chronicles like Janam Sakhi) of Guru Nanak having visited (~1509-1510) the Kingdom of Manipur, as proposed by some enthusiast scholar, during the reign of Meitingu Koiremba (~1508-1512, son of the great Meitingu Kiyamba) - but this estimation may be of less weight if the Manipur mentioned in the sacred chronicles may turn out to be the Manipur of Mahabharata, which definitely is not the present Manipur state of India), & established a Sikh Sangat here.
Besides a great religious preacher, he was a great martial artist also, the founder of Sikh martial tradition (he is said to have defeated the queen of tantric cult, Shah Noor on the way to Manipur Kingdom; the trantric belts of Northeast India are said to extend form Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam & other parts of Northeast, & Bengal.).
The story goes like this – that He, the holiness, the 1st Guru , came to Manipur (through Kamrup & Guwahati, Assam,) accompanied by a disciple name Mardana (a Muslim by birth); where they met one Jhanda, a local carpenter, & Indersen, nephew of a local chief, who became his disciples. After a brief preaching, he was said to have returned in the south-western direction (reaching Puri, Orissa, where he met Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, as recorded in the Chaitanya Bhagabat of Iswar dasa).]
(b) Thang Ta : To die honorably than to surrender for a life of disgrace:
It was also the Paona (& every Meetei soldier), who stretched the limits of Thang Ta in the Great Khongjom war (23 April, 1891; the Anglo-Manipuri war), immortalizing the heroism, the valor & highest sense of devotion & patriotism shown by them in the hearts of every Manipuris for eternity. Paona was in his retirement (~58 years old) when he was selected {by Meitingu Kulachandra Dhaja (1890-1891), along with Chongtha Mia, both of whom were appointed to the posts of Major, from earlier Subedar} to resist (with only about 400 Meetei sepoys) the invading British force from Tammu {Burma, from south-east, under the command of Captain Rundall, 2-4th Gurkha Regiment; the other two columns of invading British army: from north- Kohima (Nagaland),under the command of Major General H.Collett; from west- Cachar(/silchar, Assam), under the command of Col.R.H.F.Rennick}- he was selected with a reason.
[Almost everyone knew that, as concerned to physical prowess, it was already a lost battle; so the best feasible forces were sent to protect the Kingdom, as the Meetei preferred to die honorably, rather than surrendering for life of disgrace. Khongjom (~36km from Imphal, on the Indo-Myanmar road) front was the most dangerous; hence was given to Paona]. So gallantly they fought till their last breath, against the much larger & superior British Army &their steam roller attack, with a meager supply of small arms {like jinjals; unfortunately during the battle, there was non-compliance of even three consecutive request for immediate supply of pounders of high caliber to the Commander-in-charge of Manipuri force at Thoubal (under Wangkheirakpa & Yengkoiba Major)- hence it was Thang & Ta against the flying bullets & bombs form British army], earned the respect & admiration of even the British.
[Paona is said to have cut the igniting/detonating threads/wires of the British bombs in the air, hurled at Meetei army, with his mere sword before they exploded. The design of such bombs is very similar to the present day fire crackers or fire-works, with a long igniting thread/wire present for safe detonation].
Paona & almost all the Meetei army {including Khumbong Major, Chinglen Sana, Phunganai Sanglakpa,Yaiskul Lakpa, Mairaba, Loitongba Jamadar, Keisa Jamadar, Heirang khongja, Maipak Sana, Wangkheirakpa, Yengkhoiba, Wangkhei Meiraba & Chongtha Mia (he was wounded in the battle) & many more} scarified their lives, without any hesitancy & second thought, for the motherland.
Every year on 23rd April, Khongjom day is observed in memories of all these martyrs. Their extreme heroism & patriotism carved such a permanent imprint & inspired the Meetei that, they started singing (coming out spontaneously) the glory of Paona & his heroic feats during the battle, as Khongjom Parva [meaning the episode of Khongjom- its musical narration on the beats of a dholok- said to have been started by one Dhobi Leinou (some source: Madhu- who happened to be a gifted singer), who was an eye-witness of the battle, as he was one of the washer men of the Meetei army at Khongjom.].
Even today when one hears the Khongjom parva, with each beat of dholok, a vivid picture of the battle unfolds; the heart becomes heavier, tears roll down, with goose skin all over, & a feeling of content; a deep adoration & salute comes out automatically for them.
With the fall of Paona (and the failure to resist other two columns of British army), Manipur lost her freedom on 27th April 1891. On 13th August 1891, at Mapal Kangjei-bung (polo ground), Thangal General (the great General, since many generations of the Meetei kings) & Jubaraj Tikendrajit (younger brother of the Meitingu Kullachandra) were publicly hanged till death.
[(a) It was the failure to arrest Jubaraj Tikendrajit twice, & the killing (although the Meetei King wanted to keep as prisoners) of British officers (Mr.Grimwood,British Political Agent- spared to death;Mr.Quinton, Chief Commissioners of Assam, Col.Skene, Mr.Cossins, Lieutenant Simpson & Bulger- beheaded by public executioner in front of the Kangla Sha) in the second attempt, made the British govt. to wage open war against Manipur.
(b) Kangla sha (sacred Kangla beast), the national emblem of Meetei Kingdom; two huge brick statues of which stood on either side of the way to Kangla uttra; which were originally erected by the Chinese prisoners of war, brought by Kangleipak king (some scholars believe that they were built during the reign of Meitingu Mungyangpa, 1562-1597), but were again said to have been constructed/repaired by Meitingu Narasingh (1844-1850) due to the destruction & dismantlement of the originals by the invading Burmese. After the Kangla was seized by the British on 27th April 1891, the two statues were blown to pieces.]
-5th Part-
(a) The Initial Ban:
The first & the foremost reform done by the British was the abolition of the Meetei Lallup system- with their nightmarish experience at the Khongjom- the ferocity of the Meetei army & their deadly martial art, Thang Ta. Subsequently, Thang Ta was banned (upto ~ 1930). Anyone found practising or teaching the art was labeled as rebels or insurgent affiliates, & summarily prosecuted. Thang Ta, specially the combat aspect, was confined to the secret home schools of individual teachers, passing the knowledge down from generation to generation behind closed doors. Some of the teachers even started using different name for the art, so as to mislead the British. Thang Ta suffered enormously under their rule (early part- especially before 1930; the British rule in Manipur: 1891-1947) as the colonial administration took draconian measures to stamp out any form of resistance.
(b) The Revival:
The gradual revival of the art started slowly near & after the independence. Under the leadership (the President) of Meitingu Churachand (1891-1941), Nilhil Hindu Manipuri Mahasabha (NHMM) was established in 1934 (originally to regulate the religious activities, but latter exercising major influence in the socio-political domain). Due to the cooperative hard work of many Thang Ta teachers & members of NHMM (like noted people’s leader like Hijum Irabot, 1896-1951, the Vice-President), the ban on Thang Ta was lifted up, as per the 8th resolution of NHMM.
Some of the then eminent Thang Ta teachers were Ojha Rajkumar Sanahal, Ojha Thoudam Chaoba (who was a student of the Great Paona Brajabasi),Ojha Moirangthem Anganghal, Ojha Sagolsem Indramani, Ojha Angom Leiren Singh, Ojha Hijum Ibohal Singh, Ojha Mutum Maipak Singh, Ojha Chanambam Birahari Singh, Ojha Lairenmayum Damu Singh, Ojha P.Tarango Singh, Ojha Toijam Birahari Singh, Ojha Paonam Tonsana Singh (youngest son of Paona Brajabashi), Ojha L.Ibungohal Singh, Ojha P.Manikchand Singh, & many more.
(c) Ojha Rajkumar Sanahal – One of the greatest Thang Ta masters:
Ojha Rajkumar Sanahal was one of the greatest Thang Ta teachers of all time. As a lineage of royal blood, he was born in the year 1901. Being a matriculate of 1924(under the then Calcutta University), he recorded various techniques & aspects of the secret art, as revealed by his great teachers (who were mainly illiterate), for the future generations. His skill of Thang Ta was well known & admired by everyone at that time, specially the bare hand techniques against weapons.
There is an interesting incident in the history, highlighting his mastery of the art. In the early 1930′s, the movement of Indian Independence was intensified & near its peak under Mahatma Gandhiji, & his followers (Ganghiwadis), with their non-violence & satyagrahi andolans etc, The north east India was no exception. It was very common for the non-violent, unarmed Gandhiwadis in their satyagrahi andolans, to be beaten severely & lathi-charged by the British.
In one such common discussion, the leaders from Manipur (H. Irabot, noted people’s leader, Pandit Raj Atombapu Sharma, Manipur raj pandit; Officer Somorendro) happened to mention about the Meetei Thang Ta, & the ability of blocking even swords by bare hands. Subsequently, with increasing request from the Gandhiwadis, a demonstration was decided to be organized in one of the conference of Indian National Congress in Guwahati, Assam; for which Ojha Rajkumar Sanahal was invited to demonstrate the ancient art.
In front of the curious & amazed eyes of Gandhiwadis, with their heart beats shooting sky high, breaking the pin-drop silence, was the secret art revealed by Ojha Sanahal. The fierce, forceful attacks of the sharpen sword (by one martial art master- believed to be a Punjabi/Sikh?- as selected by them, Gandhiwadis) were met with such softness & peacefully, subduing the violence, & deflecting all the directed force towards the attacker himself (the weapon flied off uncontrollably, as a result), that all the heads bowed down automatically & involuntarily, in respect; yet again the ancient Meetei art rose supreme.
On the 4th November of 1934, under Ojha Sanahal, ‘Meetei Huyen Langlon Thang Ta Academy’ {the epicenter & origin of the modern sport Thang Ta movements, hence he is respected & remembered as the ‘Sintakpurel’(1st Grand Master)} was established at Yumnam Huidrom Village, Imphal to preserve & revive the ancient art of Thang Ta, to the level of its past glory.
The expressive/demonstrative aspect of the art was started to be shown in various festivals & public gatherings etc. The academy was registered under the society registration act as ‘Scientific Defense Cultural Society’ in the year 1965-66, with registration no.:808.
(d) The Rise of Thang Ta, & The Masters:
Many other Thang Ta teachers, whose teachings were earlier confined to closed doors & secrecy, started forming open/public institutions/associations, working cooperatively for the development & preservation of the art.
The popularity of Thang Ta began climbing sky high, with the demonstration many choreographed Thang Ta moves – Leiteng Thang {like – two swords/a sword with a shield decorative play, duels/more than two participants – like sword fight (Thang Yannaba), Sword vs spear (Thang Ta Chainaba), Dagger vs axe/spade fight (Thangjou-shingjang/yopak Yannaba) etc, with such high realism- scattering of sparks all around, from clashing of the weapons} or sometimes even without weapons/open handed – before audience as a performing art in mid 1950′s.
Many of the traditional Thang Ta institutes/associations are very much active still today with the same zeal, nurturing the ancient tradition among the youths.
Every Meetei is familiar with the name Pandit Ningthoukhongjam Khelchandra Singh. He is a living legend, a source of constant inspiration; not only is he a living authority on the ancient Meetei literature, art & culture; but also a vast ocean of the Meetei martial art, Thang Ta. As a recipient of double fellowship from the Sahitya Akademi, & from Sangeet Natak Akademi; the prestigious Padmashree award in 1987, many other honors & awards, he has given us many valuable books & records on Meetei Martial arts. Even today many well known Thang Ta teachers still sit besides his feet, & under his guidance, for the exploration of the endless secrets & depth of this ancient Meetei art.
In 1951, Nonpok Naharol Seva Marup (latter recoined as Kanglei Enat Thang Ta Shindam Sanglen) was established under the Chairmanship of the famous Thang Ta teacher, Ojha Leitanthem Heramot Meetei. Having learnt the art under different eminent Thang Ta Ojhas (including Ojha Thoudam Chaoba), he earned various name & fame (Gold medal by Meitingu Bodhchandra (1941-1955),1951; ‘Huyel Saphaba’ title by Akhil Manipuri Kalakar Sammelan,1975;Manipur State Kala Akademi Award,1988; Sangeet Natak Akademi Purushkar,2008 etc.)- his contribution is immense & immeasurable- still passing the knowledge as a living legend as one of the famous living Thang Ta masters. He is credited with the creation of ‘Laphu-kakpa’ (a performing art, demanding highest skill & control- slicing/cutting a trunk of banana tree, kept perpendicular to the ground, into seven pieces with a sword, without disturbing its original position).
Another great living Thang Ta teacher of today is Ojha Gurumayum Gourakishor Sharma (a student of Ojha Sanahal, & many others great masters) from a family having a long tradition of Meetei martial arts. It was under his leadership that ‘The Huyen Lallong Manipur Thang Ta Cultural Association’ [which has been given recognition from Manipur State Kala Akademi, & Sangeet Natak Akademi since 1979; besides the provision of subsidies, & from 1994, a salary grant from the department of culture, Ministry of Human Resources Development] was established in the year 1958., & still very much active in its goal of preserving & promoting the tradition of Meetei martial art. Thang Ta, as a performing art on stages has been presented & popularized on both national & lately international stage. He has been conferred with many awards & honors, in recognition of his contributions & dedication for the art {fellow of Manipur State Kala Akademi, 1978; Sangeet Natak Akademi award, 1983; ‘Kala Ratna’ title by Manipur Sahitya Parishad, 1985; & recently the prestigious Padmashree award, 2009}.
Any discussion on Thang Ta, is incomplete without mentioning about late Ojha Sinam Devabrata Singh. He was one of the most experienced & highly qualified Thang Ta teachers of today (recipient of the prestigious Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, 1992). He is also considered to be the first Thang Ta Ojha to have demonstrated the art at the level of international (at the age ~ 49 years, at the Indian Cultural Center, Cheiri, Italy, 1988; & at ~ 55years at the Festival of India, China, 1994). As a master of many styles of Thang Ta {mainly the ‘Paona’ style (after the great Paona Brajabasi – among many of the famous Thang Ta Ojhas who taught him was Ojha Paonam Tonsana Singh), the Poila (after Ningthoukhongja Poila), & many more, also have a deep knowledge of Mukna}, he founded HULA (from HUyen LAllong) Sindamsang in 1977, & since then dedicated his life for the promotion, popularization & most importantly, the unification & preservation of the priceless knowledge of all the different styles of Thang Ta. His untimely departure for the heavenly abode has created a gap, never can be filled, in the world of Thang Ta & Meetei arts. We pray for the great soul.
There are many other Thang Ta Ojhas also, who have been constantly working for the betterment of the art, dedicated their lives for it, popularizing the way of being a true Meetei warrior, spreading the message of love, peace, unity etc, making us, the younger generation, aware of the importance of our culture, tradition & identity. It’s impossible to mention them all in this little endeavourer of mine. With my head bows down, I salute to them all.
-6th Part-
(a) The Sports aspect:
However, there is another equally important aspect of Thang Ta (the sport aspect), which was left unheeded or not so seriously considered. Though the expressive or the performing form of Thang Ta on stage looks very impressive & attractive, but some modern Thang Ta lovers & practitioners fear that it might eventually just remain as any other exhibitory item or a commodity product. As the time has changed much, with the scientific advancement, & the availability of many futuristic weapons of mass destruction, training in martial arts for warfare is not as useful as in olden days, even the chance of using it in self-defense has much reduced.
What remains to learn is the spirit, the inner knowledge, & essence of the art, which has taken thousands of years, blood & sweat of our fore-fathers, to accumulate. The understanding of which not only fulfills one’s physical (including health & fitness), inner & spiritual necessity, but more importantly fosters the cultural identity & the nationalistic pride. But, the problem is to convey the message effectively to the youths in this fast, busy, highly competitive, result & career oriented, impatient present society. To be sincere, very few have the time, hard work, seriousness, sincerity & dedication- which too with no lucrative career option; becoming a warrior (that too of swords & spears etc., in this nuclear world) is not the intended result – as required in the teaching style of olden days.
As popularized by almost all martial art countries (mostly orient countries & some western countries), the sport aspect of Martial arts is becoming much more preferred. Along with the cultural & spiritual components, if additional benefit of a career in sport is there, no doubt, the concerned art will be much more readily acceptable & spreadable. Here, starts the birth of sport movement in the world of Martial arts.
Using this formula, we all know, how much advancement are made by the Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Thai & many other south east Asian (some western also; which give their martial arts the status of their national sports – WTF Taekwondo, South Korea; Muay Thai, Thailand etc) countries in the development of their martial arts. Their martial arts have been included in our schools, colleges, universities, as a part of NIS teaching curriculum, even research-phd programmes. They are the official sport events in our national games, common wealth games, Asian games & some even in Olympic games
[Taekwondo (it was a demonstration sport in 1988 Olympic, & finally after 12 years, in the year 2000 Olympic, it became an official medal event), Judo (first introduced in the 1964 Tokyo Olympic games, but dropped from 1968 Mexico Olympic; & finally restored for Munich 1972 Olympic games.) etc].
(b) A Thought – Changing the way Thang Ta used to be viewed completely:
Does this mean they are superior to our Thang Ta of Ipu Athoupa Pakhangpa? not at all. They- all of which were once battle field killing arts- have only been moulded & modified as per the need & demand of the time- the sport movement, gaining immense popularity. Not only their culture, language & national identity is propagated, these martial arts are also major source of foreign exchange for their countries; for which higher qualifications or certificates, one definitely has to go there & learn from their masters, or invite them (in spite of the popular belief that martial arts were originally exported from Indian in ancient times). No surprise, if the practitioners of these foreign styles come out to be far exceeding those of our own indigenous styles. So much manpower, time, resources including brains have been deflected due to them (foreign martial arts), the benefit of whose could have been ours (Thang Ta).
Just imagine how it would like to have Thang Ta in the international Olympic arena; with our young players competing & bringing medals & honor in our own art; just like the Meetei lalmee (soldiers), in olden days, using Thang Ta, for protecting the dignity of the motherland.
(c) A Master with a distant vision & a strong vow – Ojha H. Premkumar Singh:
Foreseeing the gravity of the situations much earlier, one Thang Ta teacher, with his modern & revolutionary ideas, much ahead of his time, not only dreamed of Thang Ta as an official Olympic medal event, but also constantly working for its realization. His name is Ojha Huidrom Premkumar Singh. Born in a lower middle class family, to Shrimati H.(ongbi) Shakmacha Devi, & (late) Huidrom Pashot Singh on 30th Sept.1959, he is the direct, first generation disciple of the great Thang Ta master, Ojha Rajkumar Sanahal.
Although sparring in Thang Ta with Cheibi (a cane stick covered with leather, instead of sword) etc- with or without Chungoi, or buckler/shield- has been in practice since olden days, as a means to sharpen the actual battle field skills (Yanna Thang: sword fighting etc), or for just comparing martial skills/techniques
{we have already read the duel competition between the great Paona & a foreign martial artist during the latter reign of Meitingu Chandrakirti (1834-1844, 1850-1886). Also the practice using Cheibi was common during the reign of Meitingu Churachand (1891-1941). Hence, the sport aspect of Thang Ta, in the form of competitions etc, using ‘Cheibi’, was already there since very ancient times, & as an integral component of the curriculum of traditional teaching & practice of Thang Ta.
Only what was needed was to standardize, systematize & popularize it, thereby presenting, as per the need of the present society, to international sport arena, & hence ultimately up to the level of Olympic status. His association is constantly working with this very goal.}.
Also many others associations/institutions have been working in this field (sport aspect of Thang Ta) since very early times. But he was the one who brought this (sport aspect of Thang Ta) to such a level, very popular, well systematized & scientifically sound, in accordance with the need & demand of the time; recognized & approved by the concerned authorities; well appreciated, & hence most wide spread both nationally & internationally. {Hence, regarded as Grandmaster, in the world of sport Thang Ta today}
Ojha Premkumar belongs to a family with martial arts in the blood {specially in Mukna, indigenous Meetei Grappling & wrestling style; besides all his brothers, relatives & students are very much active in this field – younger brother, Shri H. Dinachandra is the present (year 2010) secretary of TTFI (Thang Ta Federation of India), after Shri Th. Priyokumar (the founding Secretary); Shri Ibomcha (the present,2010, Secretary of the Academy), Shri H.Kiran Kumar, the youngest one, & many others- , working very hard – understanding the taste of the younger generations – & much focused to the Olympic goal, that only a few places are left in the country (increasingly also beyond) where they have not given demonstrations & trainings, immensely popularizing the sport}.
He was just in class two when he saw Thang Ta moves for the first time, in a local drama (or ‘Sumang Leela’- in those days, it was common for such dramas to be based on topics related with Meetei Kings & Kingdom- with many Thang Ta moves- swords fight etc, with ‘original’ weapons.) in one of his neighbors; the scattering sparks coming from the clashing of swords & spears ignited the passion of Thang Ta in his heart for eternity.
He used to watch very carefully & tried to imitate what the local drama artists did as they practised in their drama rehearsals (as taught by invited Thang Ta teachers- from Imphal etc- such as Ojha Ningthem etc). Deeply influenced, he started, with few of his friends, a youth drama (Leela) party, under his uncle, a drama enthusiast. But, with the tempest & his curiosity in Thang Ta growing much stronger inside him, he started searching for a right master, & finally ,in the year 1976, under the great Ojha Rajkumar Sanahal, he started serious & formal training of the ancient Meetei art. He gave various demonstrations, displaying his skills of the art, in many functions & festivals.
Even up to now, no one has forgotten (the sound of the sword clashing, the applauding claps still lingers afresh in the ears) the amazing & breath-taking demonstration (Thang-Ta Chainaba: sword vs spear fight) given by him& his group in the ‘Indian Martial art Seminar’ organized by the (late) Karate Sensai (=teacher), Mr. Moses Tilak, at Chennai, in the year 1980, in front of many Gurus of different Indian Martial arts.
So deeply impressed by his mastery of the art, was one of the Kalaripayat guru, Shri Balan Gurukal (from Mepiel Village, Calicut) that he requested the Ojha to teach basics of Thang Ta to his son, Sunil. In 1985, overcoming the distance & language barrier, Sunil came (he stayed for nearly one month) to Manipur, & was taught the basics, after getting the permission from Ojha Sanahal.
Having influenced by this incident, & with the goal to popularize Thang Ta worldwide, Ojha Premkumar decided to open various institutes & teach the basics of Thang Ta outside Manipur. This was one of the earliest major attempt & daring step by a Thang Ta practitioner, especially as Thang Ta was considered a secret & exclusive art of Meetei, & outsiders were not generally given access to it.
Finally in the year 1986, with the permission & blessing of his master, he started teaching & spreading the art in different parts of India, starting first with Assam (Lakhipur), & other northeast states (now in almost all Indian States). Soon he realized, if Thang Ta has to reach far & wide, the sport aspect must be well developed also. The trick used by almost all oriental countries for their martial arts must be used. Besides, sport aspect (amateur), is much easier to teach, less time consuming, & readily acceptable & spreadable; also with it, the culture, language, history & pride of Manipur can still be promoted (the legends & greatness of our fore-fathers & ancestors can be told to every corner of the world).
With this great aim & goal in his mind, The parent academy was re-registered with the original name (Meetei Huyen Langlon Thang Ta Academy) in 1987; & with it, as the apex body, the wave of the movement was propagated in all direction. For the first time, an application was written to Sport Department, govt. of Manipur, for permitting a state level Thang Ta Competition in the year 1987. Much amazed by the proposal, an enquiry asking how ‘Thang Ta’ could be played as sport (the popular performing aspect of Thang Ta comes under the Art & Culture department) was sent back from the department.
(d) 1st Stepping stone of success:
Finally, having satisfied with the arguments & justifications given, for the first time in the history of Manipur, the first State Level sport Thang Ta competition (although many such competitions had been held before by many associations, including his; but were not in recognition by the sport department, Govt. of Manipur.) was organized at Yumnam Huidrom in the year 1988, under the banner of the Academy & the sport department, govt. of Manipur (for which a grant of Rs 3000/- was given by the govt.).
Since then many state levels have been organized successfully (21 up to 2010). With increasing popularity of Thang Ta sport nationally, Thang Ta Federation of India (TTFI) was established as a national apex body in 1993; under which banner, the first National Thang Ta Championship was organized in Manipur in the same year (at Yumnam Huidrom; from 21st to 25th Nov.1993- in which 12 States participated. Since then, up to 2010, 17 National Championships have been organized; with 27 State associations participating in the last one, & one National Federation Cup for National Team selection at Delhi 7-9 Jan. 2011).
Due to the persistence hard work & dedication of the Academy & National body, Thang Ta sport was introduced for the first time, as demonstration game in the 5th National Games, held at Imphal, Manipur on 20th feb.1999 (in which, 10 State Associations participated.).
(e) The Day when the half dream is realized – The day sweat turns nectar:
The latest scientific views; the emphasis on safety aspect, & the high efficiency as a martial art (including self defense, & health promotion), coupled with the hard work of the National federation & Academy, make Thang Ta a very popular sport; such was the popularity that Indian Olympic Association in its Annual General Body Meeting held on 20th Dec. 2006, gave recognition to the Thang Ta Federation of India.
This was really a historic moment, a first step towards the realization of the ultimate goal of international Olympic.(inclusion of Thang Ta sport as one of the official medal games in the International Olympic); a day, each & every Manipuri should feel proud of; an emotional moment too for Ojha Premkumar (& his group)- because of whom, this was possible (this success was a tribute for his master, who had left this world for the heavenly abode in the year 1988, before witnessing the dream come true of 1st State Sport Thang-Ta Championship, as recognized by the Govt. of Manipur.)- who in spite of all the adversities & obstacles (financially- sometimes the situation was so bad, he was even forced to mortgage his only piece of land; socially- sharp criticism from traditionalists; health & family issues etc), continued to fight & stand without retreat selflessly, for the future of the art & us, so that one day, with raised heads & much proudly we can tell the world, Thang Ta sport is a gift of our ancestors.
(f) No turning back – Doubling everything, set out to conquer the world:
Catalyzed by this event, all the efforts for the development & process of popularization were doubled.
Many state governments (Sport & Youth welfare department) began granting recognition (& hence all those benefits- financially & others- like admission to various Govt. courses/job etc under sport category/quota, in J&K etc) to Thang Ta sport (1st-Manipur govt.; 2nd- Jammu & Kashmir govt.; 3rd – Chhattisgarh govt. & so on.). With increasing valuation of the sport Thang Ta medals & certificates, no wonder, Thang Ta sport becomes one of good & much sought after career option, in the world of martial arts, which was unknown few decades ago. There has also started initiation regarding the introduction of NIS level Coaching programmes, & research courses at Universities in Thang Ta martial art & sport.
The fame of Thang Ta sport (like a burning ember piercing the dark covering of even thick cloths) also started spreading outside India. [Already many foreign countries have seen the amazing performances given by many performing artists of Thang Ta in various cultural functions etc .Even some of them have also tasted few preliminary lessons by some of traditional practitioners living outside India etc. This has helped much in the spread of Sport Thang Ta as well].
Starting with Bangladesh (in2003), the sport Thang Ta movement has already spread to many countries – Burma (Myanmar), Nepal, Bhutan, Sri-Lanka, Afghanistan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, China, Canada, Japan, USA etc, the number increasing day by day. The World Thang Ta Council (WTTC)/World Thang Ta Federation (WTTF) was established under the Chairmanship of Ojha Premkumar, as an international apex body, with Meetei Huyen Langlon Thang Ta Academy being the international Headquarter.
As its first maiden step, much work & preparation are being done for the 1st ever International (~world) Thang Ta Championship to be held at Khuman Lampak Indoor Stadium in Imphal, Manipur, from 11 to 14 March 2011, in which about 15 countries – Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Canada, Malaysia, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan & amongst others – are expected to send participants, a first of its kind in the history of Thang Ta & Kangleipak.
With such a fast pace of development of Thang Ta, its immediate acceptability & immense popularity both at home & internationally, if sufficient support from the government (Thang Ta should be declared the national/state sport; & accordingly financial & other needs should be provided sufficiently-for better promotion, preservation & popularization of Thang Ta) is there, it is safe to predict that the day will soon come when the Thang Ta is included as one of the official medal games at International Olympic.
-7th Part-
(a) Think bank – Traditional vs Sport concept:
As, in case of any new major initiative in the history of mankind [the great scientist Galileo was put behind bars because of his theory of the earth revolving around the Sun!],& as with many martial arts, the initial phase of Sport Thang Ta movement didn’t go smoothly & wasn’t welcomed by all. Most traditionalists felt the sacred ancient art form being threatened; the purity might get diluted by this new sport aspect.
The traditional way (as in ancient times) is the learning & teaching the art as a way of life, as a means of self-defense & survival- protecting one’s life at all cost (to incapacitate opponents as quickly as possible), with emphasis on the expressive component (the performing art). The emphasis on competitive sparring is generally missing (if there, mostly choreographed/pre-planned) as, if a technique is designed to be lethal, how it can be practised as such on (a) partner(s). So, to develop martial skills, only two methods remain (besides, what learnt in the actual battle, if survived) – through practice of forms/patterns (pre-planned martial movements), & cooperative/controlled sparring training with (a) partner(s).
On the other hand, the sportive training of martial arts mostly concentrates on non-cooperative/free-sparring practice. The main aim is to win the match any how (& hence, more focusing on the scoring techniques, even if non realistic/non-effective in real life situation: as an example, one can see modern WTF Taekwondoins using 90-98% foot techniques which is more scoring, neglecting the upper half techniques).Also, there are so many restrictions or rules (for safety purpose), & other measures {mats, gloves, chest guards, padding etc- many lethal & dangerous or useless (as mentioned earlier, in competition) techniques are forbidden, & hence neglected}.
Many new innovations or modifications are added subsequently with time, so as to suit the players & officials etc. This fact is the greatest worry for the traditionalists who feel, the very originality of the art might thus one day be even lost.
However, as for sportive training, it greatly improves (may be even better than those- not all- traditionalists who generally have little experience against non-cooperative opponents; & hence often unfamiliar with the feel of being stuck/taken down suddenly/unexpectedly) a fighter’s abilities (even if against a single opponent), by approximating a real fight situation (although in a restricted format), allowing the fighter to test the skills without the fear of getting hurt mortally. For this sport person, the free sparring becomes a laboratory for applying the learnt techniques, & discovering, through trial & error, which suit best, according to the situation, & how to execute them.
For most weapon martial arts, the modern sport forms are like an evolution for surviving the transition into modern times.
So, a combined approach should better be done regarding the training of the martial arts. In sport form, in addition to the sparring competitions (including the unarmed part: Sarie – Sara, with elements of Mukna), much more emphasis should also be given to the competitions of forms/patterns {including the performing components whose demonstrations, our traditionalists have been giving since olden days.}, & a systematic, good grading systems & training curriculum (respecting all the styles of Thang Ta; which not only will produce skilled martial artists & players, but also inculcate in them – our tradition, our culture, our history, our origin, the sacrifices made by our ancestors, & their greatness- as a potent bonding & unification factor-we as a one, for our motherland).
[the forms competition should include: fixed forms -single/dual/group-with/without weapon(s) (as decided by appointed & approved technical committees, taking into consideration all the major styles/forms of Thang Ta); & free/individualized forms {including various choreographed fights etc: created by the player(s) with the help of teachers/coaches etc}-single/dual/group-with/without weapon(s)].
(b) Think bank – Unification & cooperation, need of the hour:
With so many different systems of practice & teaching of Thang Ta, there arises a need (one of the most important thing) for standardization (especially for forms/patterns, teaching curriculum & grading system etc) & unification. There were some initiations in the past, but proved not so successful.
Regarding this, we may learn many things from China – after creation (post 1949) of standardized modern Wushu (from many parent traditional Chinese martial arts), the government is trying everything for its promotion & popularization, & hence for inclusion in the international Olympic.
[As we all know, China has a long tradition of martial arts, with many hundreds of different styles. After the fall of Qing dynasty, 1636-1911 (or Manchurian dynasty, which banned martial arts, from 1644-1911,so as to prevent the Han Chinese from rebelling); & the turmoil of Japanese invasion & the Cultural Revolution of China itself (1969-1976); there was revival of traditional Chinese martial arts- with increasing access to general public.
Martial art was increasingly felt as a means to promote national pride, & for building a strong nation. The central Guoshu Academy {the term ‘Kuoshu/Guoshu', meaning ‘the art of the nation' was encouraged to be used, rather than the term ‘Kungfu/Gongfu'} was established in 1928 to preserve & promote a systematic approach for training in Chinese martial arts. For the 1st time, practitioners of all the different styles sat down, & shared knowledge together.
A group of Chinese martial artists demonstrated their art for the first time at the 11th Olympic Games in Berlin, in the year 1936. After 2nd world war (~1937-1945), martial art training was established at the National Athletics Institute (although the communist government deleted combat training portion, & application- so as to discourage possible unification of martial artists against itself - hence, only forms were given more emphasis even, until late 1980's). ‘Wushu', meaning ‘art of war' was created post 1949 by the People Republic of China in an attempt to nationalize the practice of traditional martial arts.
With the realization of serious negative effect (of only emphasizing on forms, & neglecting the traditional combat aspects), a ‘Martial arts investigation team' was organized by the govt. to search for surviving old traditional masters (many of whom were either killed or had fled during the Chinese cultural revolution; & the reluctance of remaining ones to share their treasure of martial arts knowledge), & recorded their knowledge for preservation.
In 1958, the govt. established the All-China Wushu Association, as an apex body to regulate martial arts training. Common standardized forms (including teaching curriculum, & grading system) were created for most of the major traditional arts by the Chinese state commission for physical culture & sports. Wushu was introduced to both at school & university level.
Another body, ‘the Chinese National Research Institute of Wushu' was established in 1986 for the research & administration of wushu activities. With increasing importance given to traditional teaching of arts {already ‘Sanshou/Sanda' – sparring competition, based on traditional Lei tai or raised platform fighting (appeared first in the Song dynasty, 960-1279 AD) has been included}, & the de-politicizing of organized sports (the closing of state sports commission or the central sports authority, in 1998), the govt. moved the sport policies towards a more market-driven approach.
The establishment of the International Wushu Federation in 1990, was an important landmark; which holds the world Wushu Championships (since 1991, the first one, in Beijing, China). Their seriousness for the Olympic dream is obvious, IOC (International Olympic Committee) even allowed them for ‘2008 Beijing Olympic Games Wushu Tournament' during the 2008 Olympic at Beijing (although wushu was neither one of the 28 official Olympic medal games, nor was a demonstration game, but very soon it may be)].
(c) Think bank – Realizing one’s potential & learning from oneself:
Thang Ta has tremendous potentials as a sport, & if we only concentrate on stage shows, then one day even if we want, we might not get even a place to stand in the sport arena, because of many cheap duplicates & imitations of Thang Ta- with so many name & fame seeking opportunists all around us- just because of our negligence- (already there exists one such so called martial art/sport, even with national & many state associations- a serious threat & a single major hindrance in the realization of our dream).
Just look around, many traditional Indian martial arts (whose working area was once mostly limited to few demonstrations in festivals or religious activities) have already started entering the world of sports (many are also enjoying as popular sport games), leaving the confinement of the four walls of their traditional ‘Akharas’.
The nation has just seen the rise of Bodo martial art, & its grand introduction in the international combat (martial) sport community- how serious are the Bodo people, especially the govt., & leaders for popularizing their art- it feels much pain & discontent looking back to our own situation- our govt. & leaders should learn from them.
The Sikhs have already taken a step ahead. The international Gatka Federation (IGF) was established in 1982, & formalized in the year 1987 (based in Berlin). Another apex international body, the International Gatka Organization (IGO) has been working constantly in this field since the early 1990′s, & on 18th March 2006, a Gatka tournament was held in Oldbury (at Gurudwara Amrit Parchar Dharmik Diwan), England. National & State Gatka associations are trying hard for the game to be recognized by IOA, & by Sports Ministry.
The memory of the first Asian Silambam Championship is still afresh in the minds of all Indian martial artists, which was held successfully at Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, recently (03-06 Dec.2009), with 9 participating countries.
[Silambam (much like the southern style of Kalaripayat of Kerala) is an ancient martial art style originated in the southern part of Indian peninsula (the state of Tamil Nadu). Although a complete martial art {weapon art (staff; knife- kathi; swords- vaal; even deer horn- maduru etc), unarmed art (kuttu varisai- footworks: kaaladi; locks & counter locks: pottu thirappu etc; striking & blocking: kolluvuthal etc), including the pressure/ vital point art- varma kalai, & meditation etc (thapa)},when one refers to sport Silambam, a scene of stick/ staff fighting / fencing come in front of our eyes (as the main weapon used in the art is the staff; the very word ‘Silambam' refers to the bamboo/ wooden staff used)- a very popular & govt. recognized sport in Malaysia today- thanks to the Tamil immigrants there, who have set an example for all of us.
It has a long history (~5000years?), & as per a legend, its genesis is credited (however, some relate the art to the lord Muruga himself) to the great sage, Agasthya (who was taught by the lord Shiva. He is also considered the first practitioner of Kalaripayat by many living gurus of the art. He composed the famous, ‘Agasthyar Kampu Soothram', the ancient text - describing various aspects of the art).
The efficacy of the art was well known & used by the famous kings of south India- the Chola, the Chera, the Pandya etc, & by the king Veerapandiya Kattabomman & his soldiers (1760-1799) against the British. The staff fencing game of the art can be traced as early as 1st -2nd century A.D.(there are references of the sale of Silambam staff, among various other weapons, to foreign traders in the ancient Tamil literature, Silappadikkaram, 2nd century A.D.
Today Silambam sport is becoming very popular as a result of many associations - national (All India Silambam Federation) & International - working persistently for the popularization of the art]
(d) The Conclusion:
Thang Ta has been cradle of our race, the very reason for our existence today. We are very fortunate that our forefathers have given such a priceless gift to us, & it is the duty of all of us to preserve & promote it; & through it, let each & every corner of the world, know the greatness & legends of them, who had protected us & our motherland, using the Thang Ta. Now the time has come for us to repay them & our motherland, even if a little bit, using the same thing- the Thang Ta.
Instead of negatively criticizing & fighting among us, lets unite as one, as sons of the Lord Sannamahi & Ipu Athoupa Pakhangpa , for the common goal, the major battle ahead- the Olympic dream; giving equal emphasis to the sport aspect as well, like the performing art component, as both being opposite sides of the same coin, the two climbing steps towards success – essential & inevitable for the overall progress & development of not only Thang Ta & our culture, but also our motherland, & we, the undivided race, as a one.
The day will soon come when our youths will earn name & fame, in international & Olympic arena, not only for themselves, but more importantly, for the motherland, as players of Thang Ta, the very tradition of our great forefathers.
To common people, Martial arts seem only physical fighting or self defense, but the fact is they are looking only at the tip of the Ice berg – the bigger portion is under the sea!
In the article, various aspects of Martial arts are discussed briefly.
Thang Ta or Huyen Langlon is an ancient martial art of Meetei, the people of Kangleipak, the modern day Manipur, India. It is a lethal battle field oriented art of the ancient kingdom. In the article, the rise of modern sport form from this art is briefly discussed.
Thang Ta or Huyen Langlon is an ancient martial art of Meetei, the people of Kangleipak, present day Manipur, a Northeast state of India. The article tries to trace the route from the ancient lethal, battle field survival form of the art to the present popular sport form, through the pages of history of Kangleipak.
Dumbbell routine – upper body. If necessary, start with light weights – 5 or 10 pounds. Exhale sharply when performing a repetition, and to inhale deeply in-between repetitions (or reps, for short). This routine should be performed 3 times a week, on the same days as heavy weight training with a weight bar.
Body weight conditioning routine #1 – Upper body. This routine may be performed every day that you are working out. On days when you are doing a heavy weight routine with a weight bar, complete this routine first as a warm up for your muscles. One minute rest between rest between each exercise, and each set.
Let us diligently train the external factors. This will help us develop power. This is not just physical power, but strength that may help us walk the path of truth. Let our inner hopes, then, shine through.
Study the martial ways wholeheartedly. To understand the warrior mindset, one must understand warriors who have come before. To be a warrior is not to be hostile, violent, or proud, but to be ready to survive, protect, and lead. Do not mistake the truth for an interpretation of the truth. Let us study “a” way for a while to gain an understanding of “the” way – whose goals include perfection of character and dedication to others.
The ultimate goal is near-constant movement. One must be able to move in any direction with agility. The best defense is a good offense. Press the advantage with an aggressive defense, and a clever offense. Cut your opponent short, and jam their attack by sensing their pattern, their rhythm.
Many martial arts use forms to help teach not only the technique systems, but the qualities and types of power that I put forth in the previous article. Proper rhythms – and broken rhythm – must be understood. This is not simply for fighting, but also for life.
In the pursuit of perfection of character – the ultimate aim of karate-do – one learns a new mode of self-expression. In this way, verbal and body language take on new forms and meanings. As a result, we may better effect positive changes within – and without – ourselves, as well as more honestly and clearly express our inner hopes and desires.
Thang Ta or Huyen Langlon is an ancient martial art of Meetei, the people of Kangleipak, present day Manipur, a Northeast state of India. The article tries to trace the route from the ancient lethal, battle field survival form of the art to the present popular sport form, through the pages of history of Kangleipak.
Every one knows the importance of prevention & early detection. The article discuss briefly some of the easy & useful methods to detect any abnormality in breasts & testis
The article discuss briefly the important topic of sex & some of the hazards associated with it among adolescents & youths, including some of the safety measures.
Exersice physiology & exercise medicine is a very important & fastly developing field. A basic concepts of them should be wel available to every player & athlete. The article discuss only the basics.
Muay thai is the national sport of Thailand, & has a long history since the existence of Thailand itself. The article shortly traces the path from the ancient battle art to its modern day popular sport form.
Jeet Kune Do is the name given by the martial art legend Bruce Lee to the collection of his martial concepts. The article tries to present it in a short form.
To common people, Martial arts seem only physical fighting or self defense, but the fact is they are looking only at the tip of the Ice berg – the bigger portion is under the sea!
In the article, various aspects of Martial arts are discussed briefly.
Chief Instructor & founder,C.G.Thang Ta Association,Raipur,C.G.,India.
Email:dr.barun.hanjabam@gmail.com
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There has been a constant thought in the history of humanity that knowledge is among the greatest and most powerful tools that one can have. And one of the most important sources of knowledge has been books. From the beginning of history, books for children have been written down in order to teach them the differences between good and bad and how to behave. These entrancing stories became the backbone of civilizations providing them with culture and refinement. This art of storytelling is what has kept children across generations hooked to storybooks. These stories are available in a number of children’s books in the market today. These kid’s books are not just helpful in instilling a sense of civility in the child, but also teach them about the world outside.
The advent of technology has resulted in a lot of changes for children. Where once, they depended on books for all their knowledge and entertainment, they now have a variety of choice. From radio, to mp3 players and television, children look to a number of options for their entertainment. The charm of children’s books has been lost in this attraction. However, children’s books are very important in order to shape both the language and character of the child. It has been a tradition among many families to bring up their children with a reading habit. Books like ‘The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn’, ‘Tom Sawyer’, and ‘Oliver Twist’ are the best books about children and their feelings. Some of these stories like the ‘1001 nights’ have become classic books for children.
Books for toddlers have now found a new platform on the internet. There are a number of sites that store books like the ‘Famous Five’, and ‘Dr Seuss’ stories’ in order to provide these young children a chance to read the most fascinating stories available. Children find these stories entertaining and identify with the characters, leading them to imbibe certain values that become a crucial aspect in their later lives. The attractive pictures and enchanting nature of these kid’s books builds in children an interest to read. This will enable them to learn new words and improve their vocabulary along with giving vent to their creative ideas. A constant reading habit has proved to be very effective in helping develop children’s sensibilities. The use of these stories to portray emotions and actions of the characters can help the children understand in a subtle way about how they should behave towards others and the importance of many qualities like honesty, truth, kindness etc.
Getting books for children is an easy task. There are a number of stores that store and supply books for toddlers on demand. However, with the growth of technology it has become possible to get toddler’s books on the internet too. Numerous online sites have come up that store classics like ‘The Jungle Book’ and those from the Enid Blyton series. These books can be bought online and home delivered at no extra charges. Moreover, customers can avail of a number of discount and rebate schemes that are available on toddler’s books.
Personalized gifts are always special for someone whether he or she is a grown up man or woman or a kid. However such kids personalized gifts are especially exciting for the kids as they know that no one else is going to have such presents that are exclusive for him or her.
Books don’t have the habit of jumping off the shelf and dancing about shouting “here I am, come and get me”. It takes dedication and persistence to get yourself, and your book, known.
Children’s books and toddlers books are some of the most colorful items that grace the front windows of bookstores. This is an age when a majority of the population worldwide has decided to go for everything other than books as mode of learning and entertainment. Book lovers worldwide are frowned upon as bookworms.
Get excited about writing children’s books! Write bestselling books for kids of all ages! Writing for kids can be rewarding: discover how to write bestselling kids’ books by knowing what your target readers want.
Portable generators can come in handy, or they can be a lifesaver. We’ve all experienced a power outage sometime in our lives. Oddly enough, it usually comes at a time when we were doing something important. Maybe working in our office, operating a household appliance, or watching the Super Bowl on TV.
Products for Events You ever gone to a business event disappointed? The reason some people are disappointed as I was is that you see other firms handing out things. Normally these are promotional products. When you appear at what promotional pieces expense you possibly can see they’re pretty costly. As a smaller company this is really a big cost. Nevertheless that may be due to the fact they generally make you by volume. Buy Ony as Numerous as You Need H…
Womens Evening Wear is frequently expensive allowing it to be difficult to get. When buying a dress for the party such as a wedding or prom you would like to get “just the ideal dress” and also wouldn’t want to be charged lots because of it while you will probably only put it on once. The most perfect prom dress is commonly essentially the most important matters with a college girl. Determining the right dress will be exhausting and expensive. Womens evening wear is usually sold a…
Super Bowl 2011: Super Bowl in Arlington Expected To Set Attendance Record Well, when Jerry Jones built his football palace a couple of years ago, this is what he probably wanted. According to the Dallas Morning News and ProFootballTalk, Super Bowl XLV is expected to set the attendance record for a Super Bowl with 105,000 fans at the Stadium!!!
Even though smoking is just not a major issue inside the western entire world anymore, the world remains left with many smokers, who sadly are not heeding towards the warnings in which smoking is really a proven harmful habit. However, since it is their individual choice, providing, they tend to be adults. We will not need to bother with regards to them. However, this will not finish the concern. There a variety of secondhand people who smoke and – like me and you. There are many them. Don’t the
As the longtime owner of a couple of popular online stores for christian jewelry, I’ve learned the hard way – through experience – that online criminals are constantly trying to take advantage of the ease in online shipping to commit fraud. Christian pendants designs provide a great way for your church to advertise or simply spread the Gospel to others! Christian jewelry manufacturers can help you design the t-shirt that is just right for you or for your congregation. If you already…
Master storyteller Padraic Colum captures all the magic and majesty of the Norse sagas in his re-tellings of the adventures of the gods and goddesses who lived in the Northern paradise of Asgard before the dawn of history. Here are the matchless tales of All-Father Odin, who crosses the Rainbow Bridge to walk among men in Midgard and sacrifices his right eye to drink from the Well of Wisdom; of Thor, whose mighty hammer defends Asgard; of Loki, whose mischievous cunning leads him to treachery
The magical wonders of Internet are growing everyday. Apart from shrinking the world population into one, crossing all the man-made and natural boundaries by reaching every one through the computer, Internet has made it possible to watch Satellite TV on Personal Computers. (If you do so at your office computer, you are sure to earn the wrath of your boss!)
Installing a Dish TV antenna at your home where you can at best get the signals of about 200 channels is no more needed. The Internet is still bigger and capable of bringing home any world TV channel, telecast from any country and you can watch Satellite TV on PC instead of through a TV box. There are nearly 3000 to 4000 TV channels beaming their programs on the sky and sitting at your home, for example in India, you can now watch the top American TV program on your PC.
All that is required by you is to download software to watch Satellite TV on PC by paying a one-time price tag. No need to pay subscriptions to your Dish TV Company every month for the channels you prefer to view, irrespective of the fact that you view them or not. This way your options get limited, whereas what you get through the software download into your PC is unlimited access to all the TV channels of your choice from among the thousands floating in ether.
Supposing you forget, by chance, to pay the monthly subscription, there is the danger of the Dish TV Company promptly cutting the services by computerized monitoring of your subscription code. Reviving the connection again is another headache and time consuming. All these hassles are not there, if you convert your PC into a TV by installing the software to watch Satellite TV on PC.
How much of time will it take for this conversion? Well – it is only minutes (3 to 5 minutes at best) for downloading into your PC the software you buy. Thereupon the system becomes operational as a TV box and within seconds you can start to watch Satellite TV on PC.
Watch satellite TV on PC is a new way of watching television people said. How about the picture quality and video/audio clarity? – This depends upon the speed of your internet connection and the capability of the computer you use. Satellite TV on PC software is made available from connections of 56k onwards, but the faster the speed in broadband, you will get superior clarity in line with it.
The plethora of TV channels will be bringing you unlimited enjoyments of sports events – football; soccer; baseball; cricket or boxing with live actions; TV shows of talk-shows; soap opera; quiz; news; and family entertainment; movies of drama; action; horror; thrill or comedy; and music videos of jazz; pop; R&B and Rock. Apart from these, you can also tune in for a variety of radio stations the world over, broadcasting bountiful programs on air and thus giving you the opportunity to listen a live concert of your favorite singer and such other allied options.
All these entertainments are coming to you through your PC without installing any new hardware or TV connection cable; with an amicable user-friendly interface at your finger tips. Also you have the technical support from the software manufacturers through out 24 hours, all the 365 days of the year. Really wonderful – is it not?
More Super Satellite TV for PC Program and other Related Resources:
SatelliteDirectTV is a New TV on PC software with similar features. It is a great software with about 3000 TV stations . It is Like the rest, as long you have internet access, it will works anywher in the world. No extra hardware or TV cards required. It offer great radio stations for your PC. It has large selection of TV channel and is easy to install.
iSoftwareTV – With one easy software download, you can be watching thousands of worldwide channels in tons of categories such as movies, news, sports, music, shopping and much, much more! Get instant access to over 3000 television channels on your PC with one simple download. You are seconds away from viewing your favorite programs from all over the world!
Satellite TV for PC is similar compare to Watch Satellite TV?. It has a clear and professional interface. The picture quality is excellent LiveTV’s software technology plugs you directly into hundreds of worldwide LIVE digital television channels right over the Internet. It offers 3000+ Channels. With one easy software download, you can be watching thousands of worldwide channels in tons of categories such as movies, news, sports, music, shopping and more.
Questions and Answers
Ask our experts your Cable and Satellite TV related questions here…200 Characters left
I’ll give you a preview of some great software that will let you watch Satellite TV on your PC/Laptop and also show you where you can get this amazing software for dirt cheap! (04:25)
Like specialty channels on cable or satellite TV service, Hulu offers a series of channels. Channels are the place to look for the content that most interests you. Inside a channel, you can filter to only see full episodes, only feature-length movies and more. Channels are the best way to find what you want to watch on Hulu. (01:49)
This video gives you a comparison of the two major satellite TV companies – DirecTV and Dish Network – and shows you which one has the best deals on satellite TV service. (02:55)
Do you want to learn how you can watch television on your computer? There are various methods to do so, and they have been further listed below. If you know the exact channel you want to watch, you can go to the main site itself and check if they stream their channel live on the internet. If not, you will need other tools to be able to receive TV signals on your PC.
How to watch satellite TV online for free? When you are searching for this question, it means that you know it is possible to watch Satellite TV online for free. That is true, given today’s internet technology, we can now install a particular software on our PC and stop spending our dollars on conventional satellite TV subscription. You can too enjoy all the channels you like like you usually do; watch them on your big screen television.
http://www.cable-vs-satellitetv.com You don’t need a satellite dish, just a computer and an internet connection. Simply download our software and you are ready to enjoy over 3,500 channels worldwide.
Since recent past, watching TV not in just the television box but also in the computer has become very famous. Although there are many ways to watch the television on the PC, recently, the satellite TV computer software has become a very popular choice owing to its technology development. Satellite TV computer can be accessed in three ways.
Since recent past, watching TV not in just the television box but also in the computer has become very famous. Although there are many ways to watch the television on the PC, recently, the satellite TV computer software has become a very popular choice owing to its technology development. Satellite TV computer can be accessed in three ways.
Satellite television seems to be a very familiar word to all. There are many ways to watch the satellite TV on your computer and thus help to transform the PC in to a Television. All are puzzled to know the answer to this question. Although the satellite TV on your computer software is more common and prevalent to watch the channels live on your PC, there are some other ways to watch the TV channels on the PC also.
Worldwide, there is a huge list of hundreds of awesome sports, news, music, weather, educational, kids and shopping channels that you can watch live from your personal computer.
To watch satellite TV on PC or TV, there are quite a handful of methods to do so. It is important that we know our options since television is very much part of our life. In a recent study, statistics showed that more than 99% of our American homes own more than one television, with national average at around 2 TV sets per home. In fact, a good percentage of our households, more than 25% are already watching satellite TV.
You can watch satellite tv programs tonight on the internet today. One of those nights that do not work after midnight or at weekends not good if he wants to relax and good television. Well, now you can do to watch satellite TV and the Internet directly from home.
Ru TV online watching TV online is very popular today and gives people a way to hundreds of news, sports, news, shopping, weather, education and children’s channels around the world to see.
How can I get rid of the man and always watching cable TV online no pc for free online live nothing! I see all my TV online and practically free. Take your time and see how I can watch free TV online at.
Every day seems to bring with it another new contender in the arena of automated Forex trading systems. Each one promises it can make you millions with little or no effort on your part, but the fact is, most of these claims are absolute garbage: they’ll make money for their developers while you’re left with a useless piece of software that won’t even recoup its purchase price.
If you’re interested in making money from Forex trading – or making more money – then you’ve probably done your research into the myriad of automated Forex trading systems available that purport to be able to make you money or enhance your profits without you having to lift a finger. One Forex robot of particular note is FAP Turbo, a trading program that has taken the Forex market by storm.
Expert Advisers or Forex trading robots have been widely known since MetaTrader was introduced. These expert advisors are codes that can be incorporated in MetaTrader to help you in foreign exchange trading. Forex Megadroid is an example of these trading robots and this is one of the most reliable currency trading software.
The present recession has devastated the economy, leaving many scrambling for an extra source of income in the face of job losses. Trying to make money through investments seems foolhardy – like trying to escape a sinking ship by climbing the mast – but there is one kind of investment that is recession-proof: the Foreign Exchange market.
Those who invest in a trading robot should be sure to invest in one that that allows you to make profits, limit your losses and increase your trading exposure. One of the most important features that an automated FOREX trading system should have is the ability to assist you with money management skills.
FAP Turbo has over the past few months, gained a host of favorable reviews, and user feedback, which reflect highly on the quality of this forex robot. The creators have had the confidence not only to publish extensive back test data but also to publish real performance data updated on a continuous basis. Their claims are backed up by credible customer testimonials.
Any sensible software user generally sets a series of benchmarks against which to evaluate any software package that he is considering buying. If you are serious about trading on the Forex markets you will certainly need a good forex robot to trade on your behalf. There has been a wave of favorable comment about FAP Turbo ever since it was launched and it is time to see how user feedback rates product performance against some sensible, benchmarks.
Having the best 4x software in your trading arsenal can have a major impact in the way you trade. It can free up a lot of your time, and can have you making more money in the forex market than you currently are. The type of 4x software programs that I’m referring to are forex robots. These programs are designed to automatically enter and exit trades in the forex market with the intention of turning a profit.
More Super Satellite TV for PC Program and other Related Resources:
SatelliteDirectTV is a New TV on PC software with similar features. It is a great software with about 3000 TV stations . It is Like the rest, as long you have internet access, it will works anywher in the world. No extra hardware or TV cards required. It offer great radio stations for your PC. It has large selection of TV channel and is easy to install.
iSoftwareTV – With one easy software download, you can be watching thousands of worldwide channels in tons of categories such as movies, news, sports, music, shopping and much, much more! Get instant access to over 3000 television channels on your PC with one simple download. You are seconds away from viewing your favorite programs from all over the world!
Satellite TV for PC is similar compare to Watch Satellite TV?. It has a clear and professional interface. The picture quality is excellent LiveTV’s software technology plugs you directly into hundreds of worldwide LIVE digital television channels right over the Internet. It offers 3000+ Channels. With one easy software download, you can be watching thousands of worldwide channels in tons of categories such as movies, news, sports, music, shopping and more.
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This fourth edition is an aid to help you cut through to the information you want. It contains updated feature articles on topics such as Internet commerce, network security, computer viruses and intranets. All the essential terms are clearly and concisely explained and user-friendly in this edition. It also includes an introduction to using the Internet, a list of useful Websites, updated feature articles and biographies of all the major players.
Satellite TV on your PC is the latest in the evolution of visual content viewing. Originally there were a few black and white channels. Color television then came on to the market. Cable eventually expanded selection to a few hundred channels. Now, technology has enabled the next great leap to satellite television received through your home computer.
There are several things to consider when you are transitioning to this new technology. The first is price. Many vendors are continuing to charge bogus ongoing monthly fees. It is not necessary for you to pay these. Excellent services are now available only requiring a one time software licensing fee. It is now possible to do away with that monthly cable bill once and for all.
The next thing to review is channel selection. 500 channels might seem like a lot, however with this technology it is a paltry amount. The best services offer effective management of up to 3000 channels. If the package you are reviewing contains anything less than this, then you are selling yourself short.
Also important in this arena is channel management. Effective software must be able to manage such a dizzying array of channels. Simply flipping through them is no longer feasible considering the sheer volume. The best packages allow for easy management of this new world of channels.
Ensure the package you are reviewing includes management of stations from around the world. Good satellite TV via PC will allowing effective viewing of stations from all over the planet. Look down the list of countries represented in the package you are about to choose. It should be quite a lengthy list or you are not selecting the best on the market.
One should also be on the lookout for vendors attempting to sell you extra equipment. All that is needed is a regular home computer with Internet access. Anyone who is attempting to sell additional hardware or a dish is seeking to waste your money. Do not fall for this trap.
Many home computers are easily connected to today’s televisions. Some operating systems are specifically geared towards home media center use. Even without this type operating system it is possible to enjoy the glory of high definition when you connect your PC to your high definition television. Make sure the package you select provides for the management of high definition channels.
Satellite TV on your PC is now a reality. For years this array of entertainment in one place was but a dream. It can be your reality tonight after a simple download. Follow the above advice and you’ll save money while increasing your channel selection all at the same time.
Thanks to HDMI and Intel Wireless Display, it’s easier than ever to get the streaming videos and movies you watch on your laptop onto your big-screen HDTV, even without wires. We’ll show you how. (03:16)
I’ll give you a preview of some great software that will let you watch Satellite TV on your PC/Laptop and also show you where you can get this amazing software for dirt cheap! (04:25)
Like specialty channels on cable or satellite TV service, Hulu offers a series of channels. Channels are the place to look for the content that most interests you. Inside a channel, you can filter to only see full episodes, only feature-length movies and more. Channels are the best way to find what you want to watch on Hulu. (01:49)
Is there such thing as watching too much TV? Are there any health risks associated with watching many hours of television? Dr. Lisa Bernstein, MD, Internal Medicine at Emory University, answers in this video. (00:41)
Do you want to learn how you can watch television on your computer? There are various methods to do so, and they have been further listed below. If you know the exact channel you want to watch, you can go to the main site itself and check if they stream their channel live on the internet. If not, you will need other tools to be able to receive TV signals on your PC.
How to watch satellite TV online for free? When you are searching for this question, it means that you know it is possible to watch Satellite TV online for free. That is true, given today’s internet technology, we can now install a particular software on our PC and stop spending our dollars on conventional satellite TV subscription. You can too enjoy all the channels you like like you usually do; watch them on your big screen television.
http://www.cable-vs-satellitetv.com You don’t need a satellite dish, just a computer and an internet connection. Simply download our software and you are ready to enjoy over 3,500 channels worldwide.
Since recent past, watching TV not in just the television box but also in the computer has become very famous. Although there are many ways to watch the television on the PC, recently, the satellite TV computer software has become a very popular choice owing to its technology development. Satellite TV computer can be accessed in three ways.
Since recent past, watching TV not in just the television box but also in the computer has become very famous. Although there are many ways to watch the television on the PC, recently, the satellite TV computer software has become a very popular choice owing to its technology development. Satellite TV computer can be accessed in three ways.
Satellite television seems to be a very familiar word to all. There are many ways to watch the satellite TV on your computer and thus help to transform the PC in to a Television. All are puzzled to know the answer to this question. Although the satellite TV on your computer software is more common and prevalent to watch the channels live on your PC, there are some other ways to watch the TV channels on the PC also.
Have you ever wondered how everyone today is now watching television on their computers? Well with todays technology it is now possible and anyone can watch Satellite TV on PC, and you can watch any of your favorite TV shows. This article is written to discuss why anyone would want to watch television on their laptops.
Have you ever wondered how to watch Satellite TV for PC? If you are like most people you are tired of missing most of your favorite programs. Yes we have a thing called “Tivo” however why would you want to record a program when you can watch it live from anywhere; even if you are traveling abroad or sitting in a coffee shop. This article will reveal how to watch Satellite TV for PC; the best thing is that it will save you money!
Have a wonderful time with the makeover shows on DISH Network. A number of DISH channels bring you a number of makeover shows. You can record these shows on DISH HD DVR and watch them at your convenience.
In recent harsh economic times, most people are cutting costs wherever they can manage. With cable and satellite television bills going from -0 a month (even much more if you add Digital premium movie channels) many families are putting their TV as the first things to go in cutting costs. Then again, what if there was a way to still enjoy hundreds of television programs, including dozens of international shows, movies, sports, news, documentaries, and never pay any other cable bill ever?
Over 23 million people have internet access at home and the rest of the population have access to the internet either at work or through an internet cafe. Traditionally things on the internet are hard to regulate meaning whiles one company may decide to charge a fee for their content another might decide to make the content free and accessible to all on the World Wide Web. This philosophy of the internet is what has promoted the popularity of live football stream satellite tv software.
Almost everyone has internet access one way or the other, majority of us have it at home and the rest get access from work and at an internet cafe. Great thing about the internet is that it has helped wrestle the control of information from the few and made it available to anyone who wants it. This concept applies to any form of content, from books to live sports games hence the rise in Live football stream websites.
Have a wonderful virtual traveling experience with DISH Network channels related to travel. You can have a great time watching the travel relates shows on DISH HD mode. It is sure to be a pleasant experience.
There’s no worse experience than to watch a very important show and your TV image is not clear because your UHF aerial was not installed properly or has been dislodged by the strong wind. It’s about time that you learn how to adjust it on your own. Read through this article and see if you could do it yourself.
Changing life styles, rapidly evolving eating habits and unhealthy ways of living has suddenly given health and weight a totally new meaning in recent years. As a result, an increasing number of people are rushing to doctors, worried about weight gain. Many others opt for fast ways to lose weight, with diet pills.
Fat Loss 4 Idiots is one of the most famous diet plan in the weight loss and fitness industry. Fat Loss 4 Idiots contains a diet Book that has lots of details about diets you will be going for through this popular weight loss program and exercise programs one can follow to lose maximum amount of weight.
Any individual who has pursued bodybuilding with the goal of significantly increasing muscle size knows that volume is one of the most important factors in fostering such progress.
When loosing weight is easy to tell yourself or others that you are trying to loose weight. The word trying is essentially admitting failure before you have even begun. To try something means you not quite sure you will make it, it leaves an easy exit plan so you don’t feel too bad if you don’t succeed.
So you want to learn how to flatten your tummy? Well, you’re certainly not alone. I’ve been working in the fitness industry for over a decade now and out of the 100+ clients that I’ve worked with, I’d say about 85% of them were looking to lose stomach fat.
Of the thousand and one weight-loss schemes, there are fast ways to lose weight. Of those there are the quick fixes that will get you the figure you want immediately. But you should be aware of the caveats attached to them.
I never recommend that clients weight in everyday. The reason for this is because program improvements are better measured by using body fat tests and tape measurements. A change in body composition is more of an accomplishment than a change on the scale.
Ever thought of finding the diet program that would deliver the results? Because I am sure you have heard, and maybe even tried, many of the diets, but none of them worked. Do you still believe there are diet programs for women which really work, making the pounds disappear fast, and never get them back?
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Practical Computer Literacy: Internet and Computing Core Certification by...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Distributed Computing and Internet Technology, ICDCIT 2004, held in Bhubaneswar, India in December 2004. The 47 revised papers presented together with 3 invited papers and 5 abstracts of invited or workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 211 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on algorithms and modeling; systems, protocols, and performance; transactions and informatio
Ways to Help You Watch Satellite TV on Computer through Internet
Ways to Help You Watch Satellite TV on Computer through Internet
Nowadays, millions of people who are interested in watching satellite TV are doing so.So as to, there are billions of video streams that are watched every single day and people are getting used to watching entertainment media using their PCs on-line. So what are you waiting for?
It is so easy. You just need to install a special satellite TV software in computer and it can enable you to watch satellite TV on computer through the internet and how it compares with the services you are using today.
This special software can be downloaded from retailers online and installed quickly.
And there are instruction manuals which could take you through a step-by-step approach.
For the most technically challenged, they can install software in a few steps.
As the navigation is user-friendly锛宼he usage become simple. You can check out the TV channels they offer and find the desired TV program you want to watch, So long as you install the software in your computer.
After paying once, the service will be no longer requirement payment. It is not a joke. All you need is the only cost of one time payment for the software which works out to less than for most software versions and brands. If new programs are added, you also need not resubmit payment or pay anything extra.
You are entirely free to watch the TV channels on computer, because the software is receiving free to air TV feeds from FTA TV stations. Why do people love to use the PC satellite TV software? You are catching maybe 700 channels at max with the monthly services of satellite and cable TV, but you could be getting access to over 2000 TV channels with the special satellite TV software.
Separate from the software, extra equipment or hardware are not be needed.
A moderate internet connection is enough as the software requires a broadband or dial up connection. In order to be perfect, using broadband for faster speeds of TV feed transmission is needed.
Moreover, install Macromedia Flash and Windows Media Player are also needed by watching satellite TV on computer.There is an intelligent user interface with easy to use software and it makes searching for and finding TV shows to watch an easy thing for you. And the software also can remember what you have watched; this is a convenience for you when you wish to come back another day to watch.
Its gives you such features as affordability, the number of TV channels available and the usability are the reasons why more and more viewers, most of whom are younger folks, now watch TV in this way.
Are you interested in this new technology? My TV blog will help you learn more about it and show you make use of PC satellite TV software to watch satellite TV on your computer at home.
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Basically that is all you need. The software is not expensive and you can claim your own from online shops. This is the fastest and easiest way to start watching TV on your PC and the best method. Certain type of software do not have any high or monthly fees but just a one time low fee.
You basically install the software following the instructions from the vendor and that it is. This is like installing Messenger, a game, an anti spyware software and so on. It is not different then the other software and not difficult.
Not all software offer same features and functions. For example some offer the ability to watch a thousand worldwide channels. Others may only offer channels in certain regions or countries. You want to find the best deal.
The software requires no special PC requirements. You do not need to upgrade your computer or buy more RAM for example. Most work on all versions of Windows and they come with the install and uninstall option so you can install the software on more than one computer if you wish.
These software do not allow you to watch TV channels only. Usually they allow you to watch thousands of channels like having a cable or satellite system.
You can watch TV in Full Screen mode of course and you have all the other functions that a TV offer. Some tips to make your experience better may include:
Get a TFT monitor, the larger the better. TFT monitors are getting cheaper nowadays.
Make sure your computer has no hidden errors or files known as junk files. These are unwanted files such as software you do not use, images you do not want or other files you do not need. Uninstalling unwanted software, removing files you do not need will improve your computer performance and speed. Make sure you remove only the files you are sure you do not need. Most often downloads from the Internet that you are not using.
Make use of a Registry Cleaner. You can download one for free. These are important cause they remove errors in your computer, which are not visible yet they make your computer slow. Use Google or Yahoo to find this software. You can also visit Yahoo Answers and ask the community to tell you which software they recommend.
Cable TV fees are very high nowadays and usually monthly fees. Watching TV on your PC is now very easy, comfortable and very inexpensive.
More Super Satellite TV for PC Program and other Related Resources:
SatelliteDirectTV is a New TV on PC software with similar features. It is a great software with about 3000 TV stations . It is Like the rest, as long you have internet access, it will works anywher in the world. No extra hardware or TV cards required. It offer great radio stations for your PC. It has large selection of TV channel and is easy to install.
iSoftwareTV – With one easy software download, you can be watching thousands of worldwide channels in tons of categories such as movies, news, sports, music, shopping and much, much more! Get instant access to over 3000 television channels on your PC with one simple download. You are seconds away from viewing your favorite programs from all over the world!
Satellite TV for PC is similar compare to Watch Satellite TV?. It has a clear and professional interface. The picture quality is excellent LiveTV’s software technology plugs you directly into hundreds of worldwide LIVE digital television channels right over the Internet. It offers 3000+ Channels. With one easy software download, you can be watching thousands of worldwide channels in tons of categories such as movies, news, sports, music, shopping and more.
Understanding Our Bodies Through Current Health Articles
There are thousands of current health articles giving you the opportunity to understand how your body works and giving you advice to keep yourself fit and to exercise to keep your body and mind healthy. However, not all the articles do give you the background on what do you really need to do to be able to attain the health they are talking about.
There are some very simple facts you should keep in mind when you are trying to stay fit and they include a regular fitness program combined with a healthy diet in a balanced manner. A morning walk down in the park plus a visit to the gym thereafter may be all that you body requires. It all depends on the amount of time you can give yourself; however make sure you are doing even a little bit to make sure you are getting the required benefits. Some current health articles do mention you should take proper advice from a good instructor to make sure you are doing the right thing.
Current health articles mention the benefits that exercises have on your health and blood circulation. Also the joints get a good massage which will help them stay healthier. Of course, if you are a hard exercising freak, then you have to make sure you are using the proper shoes for your feet. This is as important as the exercise, as some shoes may not be good for running and they will affect your feet in the wrong manner.
Getting up early keeps your body healthier and slimmer. Many current health articles mention the advantages of early morning exercises which include other kinds of fitness as well. Sleep is very important and going to bed early and getting up early can make a big difference in your health.
It is important to have a balanced diet to be able to stay healthy and some current health articles mention the need to get a proper nutrition and vitamins and minerals tests done to make sure you are not suffering from any kind of deficiency. As our bodies age, it is easy to lose the capacity to assimilate vitamins and minerals and therefore, it is very important to create the right balance in the body.
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